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Debating Transparency and Confidentiality in Arabic: C2 Conversation

C2 · Conversation 12 · Modern Standard Arabic

Distinguish meaningful disclosure from a volume of documents, trace changes in a decision rationale, and follow qualified access to confidential records without treating confidentiality as an answer to criticism.

A readable public summary beside a restricted complete record and an access key against a magenta background. Araqick C2 Arabic Conversations, with the araqick.com watermark.
ABOUT THIS CONVERSATION

Public official Nabil, journalist Salma and oversight representative Lamis examine a contested fictional neighbourhood-fund decision. A misleadingly shortened explanation forces them to decide which reasons must remain public, which particulars should be withheld, and who can inspect the complete record.

01Read the Arabic conversation

مُنَاقَشَةُ الشَّفَافِيَّةِ وَالسِّرِّيَّةِ

نَبِيلٌ: هَذَا سِجِلُّ صُنْدُوقِ حَيٍّ تَخَيُّلِيٍّ تَلَقَّى ثَمَانِيَةَ طَلَبَاتٍ وَأَقَرَّ ثَلَاثَةً. الْمَبْلَغُ عِشْرُونَ وَحْدَةً مُخْتَلَقَةً: تِسْعٌ لِحَدِيقَةٍ، وَسَبْعٌ لِرُكْنِ خِيَاطَةٍ، وَأَرْبَعٌ لِرَفِّ قِرَاءَةٍ. لَمْ تُصْرَفِ الْمَبَالِغُ بَعْدُ.

سَلْمَى: وَقَدْ رَدَدْتَ: نَحْمِي خُصُوصِيَّةَ الْمُتَقَدِّمِينَ. لَمْ أَسْأَلْ عَنْ حَيَاتِهِمْ، بَلْ عَنْ سَبَبِ اخْتِيَارِ هَذِهِ الْمَشْرُوعَاتِ دُونَ الْخَمْسَةِ الْأُخْرَى. إِذَا حَلَّتِ الْخُصُوصِيَّةُ مَحَلَّ الْجَوَابِ، فَلَنْ يَبْقَى لِلْقَرَارِ سَبَبٌ يُمْكِنُ فَحْصُهُ.

لَمِيسٌ: لِلْحِمَايَةِ مَوْضِعٌ هُنَا. يَتَضَمَّنُ السِّجِلُّ أَسْمَاءَ وَعَنَاوِينَ وَأَوْقَاتَ عَمَلٍ وَتَرْتِيبَاتٍ عَائِلِيَّةً. لَكِنَّ حَذْفَ هَذِهِ التَّفَاصِيلِ لَا يَقْتَضِي حَذْفَ أَسْبَابِ التَّخْصِيصِ؛ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ نَفْحَصَ مَا يُخْفَى، لَا أَنْ نُسَلِّمَ لِعُنْوَانِ السِّرِّيَّةِ.

نَبِيلٌ: اِقْتَرَحْتُ نَشْرَ الْمَبْلَغِ الْكُلِّيِّ وَعَدَدِ الطَّلَبَاتِ الْمَقْبُولَةِ مَعَ وَصْفِ الْمَشْرُوعَاتِ. يَعْرِفُ الْقَارِئُ بِذَلِكَ أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُ الْمَالُ، وَنَتَجَنَّبُ كَشْفَ صَاحِبِ طَلَبٍ مَرْفُوضٍ لَمْ يَخْتَرْ أَنْ تَصِيرَ ظُرُوفُهُ خَبَرًا عَامًّا.

سَلْمَى: ذَلِكَ يُظْهِرُ الْوِجْهَةَ، لَا الْمُفَاضَلَةَ. أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهُمْ خَصَّصُوا لِلْحَدِيقَةِ تِسْعًا، لَكِنَّنِي لَا أَعْرِفُ لِمَاذَا كَانَتْ أَوْلَى مِنْ وَرْشَةٍ مَرْفُوضَةٍ. أَطْلُبُ مَعَايِيرَكَ، وَالْأَدِلَّةَ الَّتِي رَبَطْتَهَا بِهَا، وَسَبَبَ اسْتِبْعَادِ الْبَدَائِلِ الْمُنَافِسَةِ.

لَمِيسٌ: وَيَجِبُ أَنْ يَشْمَلَ الْمُلَخَّصُ الطَّلَبَاتِ الثَّمَانِيَةَ، بِرُمُوزٍ بَدَلَ الْأَسْمَاءِ. إِنَّ عَرْضَ الْمَقْبُولِ وَحْدَهُ يَجْعَلُ كُلَّ اخْتِيَارٍ يَبْدُو مَعْقُولًا بِمُفْرَدِهِ، وَيَحْذِفُ الْمُقَارَنَةَ الَّتِي جَعَلَتْهُ أَوْلَى. وَسَنُبَيِّنُ سَبَبَ الْمَبْلَغِ، لَا سَبَبَ الْقَبُولِ فَقَطْ.

نَبِيلٌ: مَعَايِيرُنَا الْمَنْشُورَةُ هِيَ الِانْتِفَاعُ الْمُشْتَرَكُ وَإِمْكَانُ الْبَدْءِ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْسِمِ. أُقِرَّتْ مَبَالِغُ الْمَشْرُوعَاتِ الثَّلَاثَةِ كَمَا طُلِبَتْ. أَمَّا الْوَرْشَةُ الْمَرْفُوضَةُ فَقَدْ وَصَفَهَا الْمُلَخَّصُ الْأَوَّلُ بِأَنَّهَا غَيْرُ جَاهِزَةٍ لِلْبَدْءِ.

سَلْمَى: صَاحِبُ الطَّلَبِ أَطْلَعَنِي عَلَى وَرَقَتِهِ طَوْعًا، وَفِيهَا مَوْعِدٌ لِلْبَدْءِ. ذَلِكَ لَا يُثْبِتُ أَحَقِّيَّتَهُ بِالْقَبُولِ، لَكِنَّهُ يَجْعَلُ تَعْلِيلَكَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَوْضِيحٍ. هَلْ كَانَ الْمَوْعِدُ غَيْرَ مُنَاسِبٍ، أَمْ كَانَ الِاعْتِرَاضُ شَيْئًا آخَرَ؟

لَمِيسٌ: سَأَقْرَأُ الْعِبَارَةَ الْأَصْلِيَّةَ دُونَ التَّفَاصِيلِ الْمُعَرِّفَةِ: الْمَكَانُ خَاصٌّ، وَلِذَلِكَ لَا نَرَى انْتِفَاعًا مُشْتَرَكًا. هَذَا تَعْلِيلٌ مُخْتَلِفٌ عَنْ غِيَابِ الْجَاهِزِيَّةِ. الْمُشْكِلَةُ هُنَا لَا تَحُلُّهَا إِضَافَةُ اسْمِ صَاحِبِ الطَّلَبِ إِلَى الْخَبَرِ.

نَبِيلٌ: صَحِيحٌ؛ اخْتَصَرْنَا التَّعْلِيلَ حَتَّى تَغَيَّرَ مَعْنَاهُ. الْوَرَقَةُ تَقْتَرِحُ فَتْحَ الْوَرْشَةِ لِلْجِيرَانِ بِالْحَجْزِ، وَنَحْنُ شَكَكْنَا فِي مَدَى الِانْتِفَاعِ. لَكِنَّ الْمِعْيَارَ الْمَنْشُورَ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ مُلْكِيَّةً مُشْتَرَكَةً لِلْمَكَانِ. عَلَيَّ إِظْهَارُ الْفَرْقِ.

سَلْمَى: إِذَنْ لَا يَكْفِي اسْتِبْدَالُ «غَيْرُ جَاهِزَةٍ» بِعِبَارَةِ «مَكَانٌ خَاصٌّ». يَنْبَغِي أَنْ نَرَى كَيْفَ وَزَنْتُمْ عَرْضَ الْفَتْحِ لِلْجِيرَانِ. وَإِنْ بَقِيَ الْخِلَافُ عَلَى تَفْسِيرِ الِانْتِفَاعِ الْمُشْتَرَكِ، فَلَا تُقَدِّمُوهُ كَحَقِيقَةٍ مَحْسُومَةٍ.

لَمِيسٌ: سَنُثْبِتُ التَّعْلِيلَ الْأَصْلِيَّ وَالْعَرْضَ الَّذِي يَتَحَدَّاهُ، وَنُسَمِّي الْخِلَافَ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْمِعْيَارِ. الشَّفَافِيَّةُ هُنَا لَا تَعْنِي أَنْ نَتَبَنَّى رِوَايَةَ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ، بَلْ أَنْ يَسْتَطِيعَ الْقَارِئُ فَهْمَ مَوْضِعِ اعْتِرَاضِهِ دُونَ مَعْرِفَةِ هُوِيَّتِهِ.

نَبِيلٌ: أَخْشَى أَنْ تَكْشِفَ الرُّمُوزُ الْهُوِيَّةَ. إِذَا ذَكَرْنَا الْحِرْفَةَ النَّادِرَةَ وَالشَّارِعَ وَمَوْعِدَ الْفَتْحِ، فَسَيَعْرِفُ الْجِيرَانُ صَاحِبَ الطَّلَبِ وَإِنْ حَذَفْنَا اسْمَهُ. عِنْدَئِذٍ تَكُونُ إِزَالَةُ الِاسْمِ إِجْرَاءً شَكْلِيًّا لَا يَحْجُبُ التَّفَاصِيلَ فِعْلًا.

سَلْمَى: لَا أَطْلُبُ الشَّارِعَ أَوِ الْحِرْفَةَ. لَكِنْ لَا تَحْذِفِ الْحَجْزَ وَطَبِيعَةَ الْمَكَانِ، فَهُمَا جُزْءٌ مِنَ الِاعْتِرَاضِ. قَدْ نَكْتُبُ: وَرْشَةٌ فِي مَكَانٍ يُدَارُ بِصُورَةٍ خَاصَّةٍ وَيُقْتَرَحُ فَتْحُهُ لِلْجِيرَانِ بِالْحَجْزِ؛ ثُمَّ نُبَيِّنُ سَبَبَ الرَّفْضِ.

لَمِيسٌ: هَذِهِ صِيَاغَةٌ تُبْقِي مَا يَلْزَمُ لِفَهْمِ السَّبَبِ، وَتَحْذِفُ مَا يُعَرِّفُ صَاحِبَهُ بِسُهُولَةٍ. لَا أَضْمَنُ أَلَّا يَتَعَرَّفَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ، لَكِنَّ رَمْزًا لَا يَكْفِي. سَنَفْحَصُ كُلَّ مُلَخَّصٍ مِنْ جِهَتَيِ الْمَعْنَى وَالْهُوِيَّةِ.

نَبِيلٌ: وَمَنْ سَيَرَى السِّجِلَّ الْكَامِلَ؟ إِذَا لَمْ يَرَهُ أَحَدٌ خَارِجَ فَرِيقِي، فَقَدْ يَبْقَى الْمُلَخَّصُ الْمُتْقَنُ انْتِقَاءً يَخْدِمُنَا. أَقْبَلُ فَحْصًا مُسْتَقِلًّا، لَكِنَّنِي لَا أَقْبَلُ نَشْرَ الظُّرُوفِ الْعَائِلِيَّةِ لِأَنَّ الْقَرَارَ مَوْضِعُ شَكٍّ.

سَلْمَى: أُرِيدُ الْقُدْرَةَ عَلَى مُسَاءَلَةِ الْمُلَخَّصِ، لَا تَفْوِيضًا بِكَشْفِ كُلِّ هُوِيَّةٍ. لَكِنْ إِذَا اِخْتَرْتَ الْفَاحِصَيْنِ وَحْدَكَ، فَسَأَسْأَلُ مَنْ يَفْحَصُ اخْتِيَارَكَ لَهُمَا. الِاسْتِقْلَالُ لَا يَظْهَرُ بِكِتَابَةِ كَلِمَةِ مُسْتَقِلٍّ.

لَمِيسٌ: أَقْتَرِحُ أَنْ تُسَمِّيَ هَيْئَةُ الرَّقَابَةِ فَاحِصَيْنِ لَا صِلَةَ لَهُمَا بِالطَّلَبَاتِ. هَذِهِ قَوَاعِدُ دَاخِلِيَّةٌ نَقْتَرِحُهَا لِحَالَتِنَا. يَطَّلِعَانِ عَلَى السِّجِلِّ الْكَامِلِ، وَيُبَيِّنَانِ فِي تَقْرِيرٍ عَامٍّ مَا فَحَصَاهُ وَمَا لَمْ يَسْتَطِيعَا حَسْمَهُ.

نَبِيلٌ: وَسَأُسَلِّمُهُمَا الْمَحْضَرَ الْكَامِلَ وَالْمُرْفَقَاتِ، لَا الْفِقَرَاتِ الَّتِي أَنْتَقِيهَا. لَكِنْ أُرِيدُ أَنْ يُعَلَّلَ كُلُّ حَجْبٍ فِي النُّسْخَةِ الْعَامَّةِ: عُنْوَانٌ شَخْصِيٌّ، أَوْ تَفْصِيلٌ عَائِلِيٌّ. لَنْ نَكْتَفِيَ بِعِبَارَةِ مَعْلُومَاتٍ سِرِّيَّةٍ دُونَ تَحْدِيدٍ.

سَلْمَى: وَيَحْتَاجُ الْقَارِئُ إِلَى مَعْرِفَةِ مَا إِذَا كَانَ الْحَجْبُ قَدْ أَخْفَى سَبَبًا لِلتَّخْصِيصِ. لَا أَطْلُبُ نَشْرَ الْمَحْجُوبِ كُلِّهِ، بَلْ تَأْكِيدًا مَحْدُودًا عَلَى أَنَّ الْفَاحِصَيْنِ رَأَيَاهُ وَقَارَنَاهُ بِالْمُلَخَّصِ. وَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ أَسْتَطِيعَ طَلَبَ تَصْحِيحٍ مُعَلَّلٍ.

لَمِيسٌ: سَيَذْكُرُ التَّقْرِيرُ مَا إِذَا كَانَ الْحَجْبُ يُغَيِّرُ فَهْمَ التَّعْلِيلِ، وَسَيَذْكُرُ نُقْصَانَ السِّجِلِّ إِنْ وُجِدَ. لَنْ يُقَدِّمَ فَحْصُ نُسْخَةٍ نَاقِصَةٍ شَهَادَةً عَلَى سِجِلٍّ كَامِلٍ. وَسَنَفْتَحُ مَسَارًا لِطَلَبِ التَّصْحِيحِ دُونَ كَشْفِ أَسْمَاءِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِينَ.

نَبِيلٌ: أَقْبَلُ هَذَا التَّرْتِيبَ، وَسَأُوقِفُ الصَّرْفَ حَتَّى نُرَاجِعَ تَعْلِيلَ رَفْضِ الْوَرْشَةِ. لَا يَعْنِي ذَلِكَ أَنَّهَا سَتُقْبَلُ، وَلَا أَنَّ الْمَشْرُوعَاتِ الثَّلَاثَةَ فَقَدَتْ أَهْلِيَّتَهَا. لَكِنَّ التَّعْلِيلَ الْمُخْتَلِفَ يَمْنَعُنِي مِنْ مُعَامَلَةِ الْمُلَخَّصِ كَأَنَّهُ اكْتَمَلَ.

سَلْمَى: سَأَكْتُبُ أَنَّ الصَّرْفَ مُعَلَّقٌ وَأَنَّ تَعْلِيلَ الرَّفْضِ مَحَلُّ مُرَاجَعَةٍ. لَنْ أَحَوِّلَ هَذَا إِلَى خَبَرٍ عَنْ ثُبُوتِ مُحَابَاةٍ؛ السِّجِلُّ لَا يُثْبِتُهَا. وَسَأُبْقِي السُّؤَالَ عَنْ سَبَبِ الْمُفَاضَلَةِ، فَهُوَ لَمْ يُحْسَمْ بَعْدُ.

لَمِيسٌ: وَسَنَنْشُرُ الْمُلَخَّصَ الْمُصَحَّحَ مَعَ تَارِيخِهِ وَبَيَانِ مَا تَغَيَّرَ، بَدَلَ مَحْوِ النُّسْخَةِ الْأُولَى مِنَ السِّجِلِّ. إِذَا اسْتَبْدَلْنَا تَعْلِيلًا بِآخَرَ دُونَ أَثَرٍ، فَلَنْ يَسْتَطِيعَ الْقَارِئُ تَتَبُّعَ الْقَرَارِ. التَّصْحِيحُ نَفْسُهُ جُزْءٌ مِنَ الْوَاقِعَةِ.

نَبِيلٌ: سَنَنْشُرُ مَا يُمَكِّنُ مِنْ مُسَاءَلَةِ الْقَرَارِ، وَنَحْجُبُ التَّفَاصِيلَ الشَّخْصِيَّةَ مَعَ تَعْلِيلِ الْحَجْبِ. سَلْمَى لَنْ تَرَى كُلَّ الْمُرْفَقَاتِ، لَكِنَّهَا سَتَرَى مَوَاضِعَ الْمُرَاجَعَةِ وَحُدُودَهَا. وَفَرِيقِي لَنْ يَكُونَ الْجِهَةَ الْوَحِيدَةَ الَّتِي تَقْرَأُ السِّجِلَّ الْكَامِلَ.

سَلْمَى: سَأُبْقِي حَقِّي فِي نَقْدِ النَّتِيجَةِ بَعْدَ الْفَحْصِ، وَقَبُولُ هَذَا التَّرْتِيبِ لَا يُعَدُّ تَزْكِيَةً مُسْبَقَةً لَهَا. لَكِنَّنِي أَرَى الْآنَ طَرِيقًا لِلْمُسَاءَلَةِ لَا يَجْعَلُ ظُهُورَ أَسْمَاءِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِينَ ثَمَنًا ضَرُورِيًّا لِفَهْمِ تَوْزِيعِ الْمَالِ.

لَمِيسٌ: وَسَأُقَيِّمُهُ بِمَا يُتِيحُهُ مِنْ فَحْصٍ، لَا بِكَثْرَةِ الْوَثَائِقِ الْمَنْشُورَةِ. قَدْ تُنْشَرُ صَفَحَاتٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَيَغِيبُ السَّبَبُ الْحَاسِمُ. نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَعْلِيلٍ يُمْكِنُ تَتَبُّعُهُ، وَسِجِلٍّ يَفْحَصُهُ غَيْرُ صَاحِبِ الْقَرَارِ، وَحَجْبٍ لَا يَبْتَلِعُ الْجَوَابَ.

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Nabil — public official: This is the record of a fictional neighbourhood fund that received eight applications and approved three. The amount is twenty invented units: nine for a garden, seven for a sewing corner and four for a reading shelf. The amounts have not been disbursed.

Salma — journalist: You replied: We protect applicants’ privacy. I did not ask about their lives, but why these projects were chosen over the other five. If privacy takes the place of an answer, the decision will have no reason that can be examined.

Lamis — oversight representative: Protection has a place here. The record contains names, addresses, working hours and family arrangements. But removing these particulars does not require removing the reasons for allocation; we should examine what is concealed, rather than submit to the label of confidentiality.

Nabil — public official: I proposed publishing the total amount and number of accepted applications with a description of the projects. The reader would know where the money goes, and we would avoid exposing a rejected applicant who did not choose to have their circumstances become public news.

Salma — journalist: That shows the destination, not the comparison. I know they allocated nine to the garden, but not why it had priority over a rejected workshop. I ask for your criteria, the evidence you linked to them and the reason for excluding competing alternatives.

Lamis — oversight representative: The summary must include all eight applications, using codes instead of names. Showing only accepted applications makes each choice seem reasonable on its own and removes the comparison that gave it priority. We will explain the amount, not just the acceptance.

Nabil — public official: Our published criteria are shared use and the possibility of starting this season. The amounts for the three projects were approved as requested. As for the rejected workshop, the initial summary described it as not ready to start.

Salma — journalist: The applicant voluntarily showed me their document, and it contains a starting date. That does not establish their entitlement to acceptance, but it means your explanation needs clarification. Was the date unsuitable, or was the objection something else?

Lamis — oversight representative: I will read the original wording without identifying particulars: The space is private, and therefore we do not see shared use. That is a different explanation from lack of readiness. Adding the applicant’s name to the report does not solve this problem.

Nabil — public official: Correct: we shortened the explanation until its meaning changed. The document proposes opening the workshop to neighbours by booking, and we questioned the extent of use. But the published criterion did not require shared ownership of the space. I must show that distinction.

Salma — journalist: Then replacing “not ready” with “private space” is insufficient. We should see how you weighed the offer to open it to neighbours. If disagreement remains over the interpretation of shared use, do not present it as a settled fact.

Lamis — oversight representative: We will record the original reasoning and the offer that challenges it, and identify the disagreement about interpreting the criterion. Transparency here does not mean adopting the applicant’s account, but allowing the reader to understand the point of their objection without knowing their identity.

Nabil — public official: I fear the codes will reveal identity. If we mention the rare craft, the street and opening time, neighbours will recognise the applicant even if we remove their name. Removing the name would then be a formal procedure that does not actually conceal the particulars.

Salma — journalist: I am not asking for the street or craft. But do not remove booking and the nature of the space, because they are part of the objection. We could write: A workshop in a privately managed space, proposed to open to neighbours by booking; then explain the rejection.

Lamis — oversight representative: That wording retains what is needed to understand the reason and removes what easily identifies its owner. I cannot guarantee that no one will recognise them, but a code is not sufficient. We will examine each summary for both meaning and identity.

Nabil — public official: Who will see the full record? If no one outside my team sees it, a polished summary may remain a selection that serves us. I accept independent examination, but not publishing family circumstances because the decision is in doubt.

Salma — journalist: I want the ability to question the summary, not authority to expose every identity. But if you choose the two examiners alone, I will ask who examines your choice of them. Independence does not appear by writing the word “independent”.

Lamis — oversight representative: I propose that the oversight body name two examiners with no connection to the applications. These are internal rules we are proposing for our case. They inspect the full record and explain in a public report what they examined and what they could not settle.

Nabil — public official: I will hand them the full minutes and attachments, not the passages I select. But I want every withholding in the public version to be explained: a personal address or family detail. We will not settle for the phrase “confidential information” without specifying further.

Salma — journalist: The reader needs to know whether withholding concealed a reason for allocation. I do not ask to publish everything withheld, but for a bounded confirmation that the examiners saw it and compared it with the summary. I should also be able to request a reasoned correction.

Lamis — oversight representative: The report will state whether withholding changes understanding of the reasoning and mention any incompleteness in the record. Examination of an incomplete version will not certify a complete record. We will open a route for requesting corrections without exposing applicants’ names.

Nabil — public official: I accept this arrangement and will halt disbursement until we review the reasoning for rejecting the workshop. That does not mean it will be accepted or that the three projects have lost eligibility. But the different explanation prevents me from treating the summary as complete.

Salma — journalist: I will write that disbursement is on hold and the rejection reasoning is under review. I will not turn that into a report of established favouritism; the record does not establish it. I will keep the question about the reason for the comparison open, because it is not yet settled.

Lamis — oversight representative: We will publish the corrected summary with its date and a statement of what changed, instead of erasing the first version from the record. If we replace one explanation with another without a trace, the reader cannot follow the decision. The correction itself is part of the event.

Nabil — public official: We will publish what enables questioning of the decision and withhold personal particulars with reasons for doing so. Salma will not see every attachment, but she will see the points under review and their limits. My team will not be the only body reading the full record.

Salma — journalist: I will retain my right to criticise the outcome after examination; accepting this arrangement is not advance endorsement of it. But I now see a route to accountability that does not make exposing applicants’ names the necessary price of understanding the allocation of funds.

Lamis — oversight representative: I will assess it by the examination it enables, not the quantity of published documents. Many pages may be published while the decisive reason is absent. We need traceable reasoning, a record examined by someone other than the decision-maker, and withholding that does not swallow the answer.

02Useful words and expressions

Useful words and expressions in this conversation
Arabic in the conversationMeaning here
سَبَبٌ يُمْكِنُ فَحْصُهُa reason that can be examined
أَسْبَابِ التَّخْصِيصِreasons for allocation
الْمُفَاضَلَةَthe comparative choice
الْبَدَائِلِ الْمُنَافِسَةِcompeting alternatives
بِرُمُوزٍ بَدَلَ الْأَسْمَاءِusing codes instead of names
الِانْتِفَاعُ الْمُشْتَرَكُshared use
التَّفَاصِيلِ الْمُعَرِّفَةِidentifying particulars
مُلْكِيَّةً مُشْتَرَكَةًshared ownership
إِجْرَاءً شَكْلِيًّاa formal procedure
نُقْصَانَ السِّجِلِّincompleteness of the record
ثُبُوتِ مُحَابَاةٍestablished favouritism
تَزْكِيَةً مُسْبَقَةًadvance endorsement

03Check your understanding

Choose one answer for each question. Look back at the Arabic conversation for evidence. Open the English question support or a hint when you need help.

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What to remember

  • Keep comparative reasons and disputed evidence visible when removing identifying particulars.
  • Distinguish an independent inspection of full records from unrestricted public disclosure or an unlimited assurance.
  • Preserve a trace of corrections and avoid treating an investigation as proof of favouritism.

Explore the Arabic in this conversation

Related grammar and vocabularyOpen Araqick guides connected to this conversation.
  • Lakinna and Lakin in Arabic: Two Patterns for But

    لَكِنَّ الْمِعْيَارَ الْمَنْشُورَ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ مُلْكِيَّةً مُشْتَرَكَةً لِلْمَكَانِ

    Use lakinna to distinguish the published criterion from an unannounced ownership requirement.

  • Inna in Arabic: Emphasis and Noun Endings

    إِنَّ عَرْضَ الْمَقْبُولِ وَحْدَهُ يَجْعَلُ كُلَّ اخْتِيَارٍ يَبْدُو مَعْقُولًا بِمُفْرَدِهِ

    Use inna to emphasise how showing only accepted applications removes the comparative reasoning.

  • Kaanna in Arabic: As If and As Though

    كَأَنَّهُ اكْتَمَلَ

    Use kaanna to expose an assumption about the apparent completeness of a summary.

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